Yttrium orthovanadate

 ( Vanadates ) 

Yttrium orthovanadate ( YVO₄) is a transparent crystal. Undoped YVO₄ is also used to make efficient high-power polarizing prisms similar to Glan–Taylor prisms.

There are two principal applications for dopant yttrium orthovanadate:

• Doped with neodymium it forms , an active laser medium used in diode-pumped solid-state lasers.
  (2025). 9780387290942, Springer. ISBN 9780387290942
• Doped with europium it forms , the dominant red phosphor used in especially in color TVs.
  (1998). 9788489784338, Editorial Complutense. ISBN 9788489784338

• Crystal structure:
• Zircon tetragonal (tetragonal bipyramidal)
• Space group D_4h
• Lattice parameters a = b = 7.119 Angstrom, c = 6.290 Å
  L.G. DeShazer (1987). 9780849335051, CRC Press. ISBN 9780849335051
• Density: 4.24 gram/cm³
• Melting point: 1810–1940 °C
• Mohs hardness: glass-like, ~5
• Knoop hardness: 480 kg/mm²
  L.G. DeShazer (1987). 9780849335051, CRC Press. ISBN 9780849335051
• Thermal expansion coefficient:
• α_a = 4.43×10⁻⁶/Kelvin
• α_c = 11.37×10⁻⁶/K
• Thermal conductivity coefficient:
• parallel to c-axis: 5.23 Watt·m⁻¹·K⁻¹
• perpendicular to c-axis: 5.10 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹
• Refractive index, birefringence ( Δ n = n_e - n_o) and walk-off angle at 45° (ρ):
• at 0.63 micrometre:
• n_e = 2.2154
• n_o = 1.9929
• Δ n = 0.2225
• ρ = 6.04
• at 1.30 μm:
• n_e = 2.1554
• n_o = 1.9500
• Δ n = 0.2054
• ρ= 5.72
• at 1.55 μm:
• n_e = 2.1486
• n_o = 1.9447
• Δ n = 0.2039
• ρ = 5.69
• Sellmeier equation (wavelength in μm):
• n_e²=4.59905 + 0.110534/(λ² − 0.04813) − 0.012267612 λ²
• n_o²=3.77834 + 0.069736/(λ² − 0.04724) − 0.0108133 λ²

• Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate